Locomotor System

 Human muscle fibers are classified by miosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms characterized by slow to fast  contractile speeds: Type l, or slow-twitch fibers, are in high abundance in elite endurance athletes, such as cyclist or long-distance runners. Fast-twitch lla or llb fibers commonly appear in the body of weightlifters and sprinters. There are also hybrid fibers, which are a mix of the anterior ones. There is a clear ability of fibers to shift between hybrid and pure fibers as well as between fast and slow types. When occurs muscle fiber hipertrofy it is usual that it is caused by a grow of individual muscle fibers. But sometimes there is a longitudinal "branching", "fragmenting" or "splitting" of existing muscle fibers during a robust overload. Greater muscle fiber number during hypertrophy usually occurs concomitant with signs of regeneration, and is therefore considered pathological. It is caused by high intensity exercises and it results in muscle hy...

A muscle overload injury is the most common in athletes. Muscle overload is a prolonged repetition of movements that results in the exhaustion of the muscles involved. The main cause of overload is excessive training. Overloading muscles means that you are trainig at a higher level than you used to. To avoid it, is important to respect the rest times to eliminate muscle tension. When all the pain disappears you can continue the training. It is a guarantee for gains: It really means you will have a physiological adaptation. Overload strenghten your muscle fibres. A safe and efective overload is important to develop your muscles and improve your physical condition. The risk of injury is quite apparent, so you must need a physical trainer to prepare your training program. This is a great way to challenge your body. It makes you improving in a specific activity. In weight lifting overload, your body will need a recovery from 24 hours to 48 hours. Links: https://fitpeople.com/health/injury-...

 Three bones meet to form the knee. They are connected with each other by ligaments, there are four primary ligaments in your knee. There are collateral ligaments and cruciate ligaments. It is one of the most common injuries in the knee. Athletes who participate in high demand sports like soccer, footbal or basketball are likely to suffer it. About a half of all injuries suffered in the anterior cruciate ligament occur along a damage to other structures in the knee, such as articular cartilage, meniscus or other ligaments. Injured ligaments are considered sprains and they are graded depending on their severity: Grade 1 Sprains: The ligament is midly damaged. Grade 2 Sprains:  It stretches the ligament to the point where it becomes loose. Grade 3 Sprains: It is commonly referred to as a complete tear of the ligament. There are different causes: Suddenly slowing down and changing direction (cutting). Pivoting with your foot firmly planted. Landing awkwardly from a jump. Stopping...

 The leg is defined as the region of the lower limb before the knee. These muscles help you walk, run, jump, stand on your toes and flex your feet. Your upper leg includes seven major muscles. In our legs we have got three primary joints that are surrounded by muscles. Leg muscles are organized in three groups: Anterior (doxiflexor) group: consists of muscles that mainly produce dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle joint. Posterior (plantar flexor) group: primarily produce plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle joint. Lateral (fibular) group: consists of muscles that mainly produce an eversion of the foot at the subtalar joint. Links: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/22220-leg-muscles https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/leg-muscles

 Warm-up gets your heart rate up and prepares your joints and soft tissues (muscles, tendons, and ligaments) for the workout ahead. Warm-up exercises can help you squeeze more benefits from your routine and may even lower your chance of injury. It also prepares an athlete both psichologically and physically. The best way to wrm-up depends on your physical condition, your chosen activity and other factors. There are three types of warm-ups: Active warm-ups: They improve performance as long as they are not too intense. Passive warm-ups: It does not, however, provide all the benefits of an active warm-up. They are commonly used to keep warm between an active warm-up and an athletic performance. Static stretching: It hurts performance, so they may be used to loosen a joint. Dynamic stretching: Dynamic stretching involves moving the body in a way that mimics the coming activity. Warm-ups don't always improve performances. Warm-up routines are not effective when: They didn't fit the ...